An analytical appraisal of the effects of environmental security threat factors on human health and productivity: a case of Nigeria

Authors

  • C. A. Eneh Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
  • K. E. Tabugbo Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka
  • C. Aniakor Department of Anatomy, Enugu State University of Science and Technology
  • A. A. Enete Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka

Abstract

Anthropogenic activities impact the functional integrity of the biosphere with the attendant ecosystem degradation and climate change that lead to variability of rainfall affecting agricultural productivity, food security and health of the population. The study was aimed at appraising the consequences of the impacts of environmental security threat factors on rainfall variability and agricultural gross domestic product. Secondary data (1990-2019) were sourced from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Nigeria Bureau of Statistics (NBS), and World Bank. The Vector Auto Regression and Impulse Response Function specifications were used for the analysis. Results showed that the variables (annual rainfall, agricultural GDP, and carbon emission) are non-stationary in levels but stationary in their first difference. There was no long-run association among the variables. There was a negative relationship among annual rainfall, agricultural GDP and carbon emission. Rainfall variability increased with impulse (shock) and carbon emission. Agricultural GDP responded negatively to carbon emission impulse. Agricultural GDP responded negatively to rainfall variability impulse. Therefore, carbon emission procures rainfall variability, low agricultural GDP, food insecurity, poor health conditions, and low investment and productivity. Relevant government agencies need to restrategize climate change resilience and mitigation programmes in order to reduce the impacts of environmental security threat factors, particularly carbon emission, and to adopt low-carbon economy development model.

Keywords: Agricultural GDP; Carbon emission; human health; Environmental security threat factors

Author Biography

C. A. Eneh, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka

Anthropogenic activities impact the functional integrity of the biosphere with the attendant ecosystem degradation and climate change that lead to variability of rainfall affecting agricultural productivity, food security and health of the population. The study was aimed at appraising the consequences of the impacts of environmental security threat factors on rainfall variability and agricultural gross domestic product. Secondary data (1990-2019) were sourced from the Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Nigeria Bureau of Statistics (NBS), and World Bank. The Vector Auto Regression and Impulse Response Function specifications were used for the analysis. Results showed that the variables (annual rainfall, agricultural GDP, and carbon emission) are non-stationary in levels but stationary in their first difference. There was no long-run association among the variables. There was a negative relationship among annual rainfall, agricultural GDP and carbon emission. Rainfall variability increased with impulse (shock) and carbon emission. Agricultural GDP responded negatively to carbon emission impulse. Agricultural GDP responded negatively to rainfall variability impulse. Therefore, carbon emission procures rainfall variability, low agricultural GDP, food insecurity, poor health conditions, and low investment and productivity. Relevant government agencies need to restrategize climate change resilience and mitigation programmes in order to reduce the impacts of environmental security threat factors, particularly carbon emission, and to adopt low-carbon economy development model.

Keywords: Agricultural GDP; Carbon emission; human health; Environmental security threat factors

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Published

2023-10-26

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 1-2 (2022): Technoscience Review Volume 13 Number 1-2 November 2022

Section

Articles

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